Anafi is located in Cyclades, east of Santorini and is one of the most south-eastern islands of the complex. The capital of the island is the region of the same name, Anafi. It is 150 nautical miles from Piraeus. It is a generally mountainous island with strong coastal fragmentation but without large coves. It has a triangular shape, an eastern peninsula and a total surface of 38.3 sq. km. The climate of Anafi, like Santorini, is hot desert and is considered unique in Europe. The highest peak is Vigla with an altitude of 582 m., followed by Kalamos at 386 m., Agios Ioannis o Theologos at 350 m., Kasteli and Prophet Elias. There are no rivers on the island, only torrents. In Anafi, pumice stone has been found, allegedly a product of the great eruption of the Santorini volcano in 1500 BC. In addition, minerals such as galena, smithsonite, iron and lead have been identified in the subsoil. The population of Anafi amounts to 271 inhabitants, while in 1850 it numbered 1000 inhabitants. The name of the island is attributed either a) to the myth of the Argonauts, according to which the Argonauts, as they were returning from the Argonautic expedition and while they were in danger of a great storm, the island suddenly appeared in front of them and they gave it the name Anafi, or b) in the non-existence of snakes (a-steretic + ophis), or c) to the Phoenician Bohart who claims that the name Anaphi is Phoenician and which means dark, deep shadow (non-mainstream view).