Beginning with a point often overlooked, the island has an important reference in mythology and specifically in the Odyssey, as it has been identified with Ogygia, where Calypso held Odysseus as captive. Moreover, according to the findings that have seen the light, the island seems to have been inhabited since the Neolithic Age. During the Roman Era, the Romans “took advantage” of the flora of the island, a fact that caused the disintegration of Gavdos, which is evident even today. Notably, the island is also mentioned by the Apostle Paul, in “Acts 27:16” as during his departure from Crete in the direction of Rome, a storm took his ship off course, as a result of which it passed by Gavdos. In the light of the Byzantine Empire, the population of the island was 8000 inhabitants, with three bishops and an archbishop. On the contrary, during the Ottoman period (1665-1895), the population of the island shrank to 500. At the same time, during the Ottoman rule, the island was known as Gotzo. Finally, in the middle of the 20th century due to the mass urbanization that existed throughout the country, the inhabitants of Gavdos exchanged their land in Gavdos with former Ottoman land in Crete, which was available for exchange by the state. For this reason, the area that the habitants of Gavdos settled in Chania was named Gavdiotika.