Remains of ancient settlements have been found on the Paliochora hill near Velventos, proving the historicity of the area. At the same time, inscriptions from imperial times have also been identified. The inscription testifies to various institutions of the Roman province of Macedonia (Macedonian prince, hierophant, high priest, etc.). The first inhabitants of Velvento were Latin soldiers from Benevento in Campania. The city experienced growth during the 15th - 16th century, but in the 18th century, the inhabitants were oppressed by the Sultan. On the occasion of the visit of Agios Cosmas of Aitolos in the middle of the 18th century to Velvento and following a request from the bishop of Kozani to the ecumenical Patriarchate, the first school in the area was created, with the former director of the Greek School of Thessaloniki, Ionas Spermiotis, as the first teacher. In 1815 the settlement had 428 houses and a large library. In 1816 an epidemic broke out in the city, while subsequently during the revolution of 1821 the region in general was plundered by the Ottoman troops. During the period 1904-1908, several residents of the settlement participated in the Macedonian Struggle. Velventos was finally liberated on October 11, 1912.